Double deck sleeping car



Jan. 10, 1939. T. w. DEMAR'EST DOUBLE DECK SLEEPING CAR Filed June 4, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet l Wflemarest,

TORNEYS.

0, T. w. DEMAREST DOUBLE DECK SLEEPING CAR Filed June 4, 193', s Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR: Thomas Wflemamsi,

' ATTORNEYS.

J10, 1939. T. W. DEMAREST 2,143,827

DOUBLE DECK SLEEPING. CAR

Filed June 4,1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 y INVENTOR:

Thomas WDemamsZ 6 AM BY 1 it I ORNEYS.

Jan. 10, 1939. T. W.'DEMAREST DOUBLE DECK SLEEPING CAR Filed June 4, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 A TORNEYS.

INVENTOR:

Wflemaresi,

WITNESSES:

Jan. 10, 1939.

T. W. DEMAREST DOUBLE DECK SLEEPING CAR Filed June 4, 1937- JNVENTOR:

Thomas Wflemamst,

XQL,

amww Q Q Q WITNESSES. 9723mm?) A RNEYS.

Patented I... 10, 1939 r DOUBLE DECK SLEEPING CAB Thomas W. Demarest, Ha'veriord, Pa., assignor to The Pennsylvania Railroad Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application June 4, 1937, Serial No. 146,340

14 Claims.

My invention relates generally to double deck railway cars and more specifically to double deck sleeping cars.

*There have been in the past a number of proposals for getting away from the cramped upper berth which is now in use in railway sleeping cars. But none of these proposals has been sufficiently practical to eliminate the unpopular upper berth which is still in general use on the railways of the country. There is only a limited space on railway cars available for division into separate sleeping compartments and the problem is largely a matter of arrangement within the limits set by the clearance diagrams. A well section between trucks is a step forward but. the

practical solution requires further re-arrangement to take full advantage of the added space from the central well section. Another difficulty which is related to internal arrangement is the so ventilation and air-conditioning requirements.

car, having a central well section to provide, in

a practical manner, upper and lower sleeping so compartments which will be equally desirable. I have designed the compartment layout to take full advantage of the limited space available giving equal consideration to both upper and lower compartments. I have devised a compartment 35 having great practical advantage over what is now shown in the art by working together a number of features which, in combination, provide a compartment much superior to either the present upper or lower berth, each compartment being equipped with individual toilet and lavatory facilities.

Therefore, the principal object of my invention is the provision of a well-lighted, well ven' til'ated sleeping compartment in a] double deck railway car which has suflicient head room and does not cramp the occupant. A further object is to provide upper and lower compartments which are of equal desirability. A further ob- 50 ject is to provide a practical way of eliminating the unpopular upper berth. Still further' advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of my invention, reference being had t 55 the accompanying drawings. I v k (Cl. IMP-340) Fig. I of the drawings is a side elevation of a, railway car embodying my invention.

Fig. II is a longitudinal sectional view of a railway car, taken as indicated by the arrows 11-11 in Figs. III and IV. 5

Fig. H1 is a horizontal ,plan sectional view of the upper deck of the car, taken as indicated by the arrows lIlI-IIII in Fig. 11. I

Fig. IV is a view similar to Fig. III showing the lower deck of the car, taken as indicated by the 10 arrows IV-IV in Fig. II. l

Fig. V is a fragmentary staggered plan section, drawn to a larger scale and taken as indicated by the arrows V-V in Figs. VI and VII.

Fig. VI is a transverse vertical sectional view 15 of the car, taken as indicated by the arrows VIVI in Fig. IL

Fig. VII is a view similar to Fig. VI viewed from the opposite direction as indicated by the arrows VII-VII in Fig. vII.

Fig. VIII is a view similar to Fig. VI taken as indicated by thearrows. VIJIVIII in Fig. II.

Fig. m is a view similar to Fig. VI taken as indicated by the arrows IXD in Fig. II.

Fig. X is a longitudinal section taken as indicated by the arrows X-X in Fig. VI.

Fig. X1 is a diagrammatic plan section of the ducts for conveying the cool and heated air to the various parts of the car.

Fig. X11 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional view of the ducts enclosed in a railway car.

Fig. m is a local plan section of that portion of the car enclosed in the dotted rectangle.

For the purpose of a detailed description, the car shown in Fig. I may be resolved analytically into the following component parts: end sections I and 2 over trucks 3, a central -well section 1 between the trucks 3, a lower deck 5 at the bottom of the well section i, an upper deck 6 midway between the lower deck 5 and roof I of the car, upper compartments 8, lower compartments 9 and end compartments III, II and I2.

The end sections I and 2 are complementary in that section I is designed as the access end, while section 2 is designed primarily for compartment space and space for air conditioning equipment I3 and a battery locker l4 with only a narrow communicating passageway I6. End section I is therefore equipped with side doors I1 which are omitted in end section 2. A passageway I8 is provided in 5:) end section I and in the illustrated example two end compartments I0 and I I are provided. A general or public lavatory. I9 is fitted into a corner of the car adjacent the compartment Ill .without impairing thesize of the passageway I8.

Opposite the lavatory i9 is a small luggage locker 20. The size and arrangement of compartments l and i I provide sumcient space for the passageway 18 as shown. The space available permits compartment ill to be much largerthan the other compartments and hence this compartment i0 is fitted to be a sort of deluxe compartment. A sliding partition I is provided between compartments in and H as indicated in the drawings, which permits the conversion of separate compartments l0 and il into a single large compartment or drawing room. This partition I5 is in two sections and slides into a pocket located in the lavatory wall of compartment III as shown in detail in Fig. XIII. The? compartment I0 is equipped with a transverse seat 21 convertible into a bed and a toflet 22 and lavatory facilities enclosed in a separate compartment in the main compartment ID. A folding basin 23 is provided over the toilet 22. This basin 23 is of the type that discharges its contents on being folded up into a waste pipe as shown more clearly in Fig. X. While the type of folding basin shown in the drawings is very handy, obviously other types may be used satisfactorily in accordance with my invention. The lavatory i6 is equipped with a toilet 22 and a basin 26. Swinging doors are provided, as shown, for the compartment i0, lavatory l3, luggage locker 26 and to the passageway ii! for communication to vestibule 25. A watercooler 33 and porters seat 3| are fitted into the passageway |8 without interfering with its width requirements. Compartment ii is not so spacious as compartment 1 0 because of the space requirements or stairways 32 and 33 to the lower and upper decks 5 and 6 respectively. Compartment H is equipped with seats 2| and toilet 22 and basin 23. The upper part of end section i is utilized for water supply tanks 34 and linen lockers 35.

section 4 between the trucks 3 and is accessible from the'two end sections I and 2 by means of stairways 32 and 41. The compartments 6 on the lower deck 5 are arranged in two rows separated by a central passageway 5| in spbstantially the same way as compartments I2 described above including the arrangement of seats and toilet, and this description need not be repeated. Compartments 9 are lighted by windows 53. There is, however, one slight difierence: YiZ-, the space for a common waste pipe 50 from the upper deck 6. The folding basins 23 in compartments 9 are attached to this common waste pipe 50 which is housed between the walls of adjacent compartments 9. When the basin 23 is swung up, the water contained in it flows into the common waste pipe 56 and the basin 23'is then ready for use when swung down again. A

The upper deck 6 is reached by the stairway 33 at the access end of the car only. The stairway 33 leads to a central passageway 60 which runs the length of the upper deck 6. Atthe end of the passageway 60 from the stairway 33, a gate 61 is provided to prevent passengers from falling. This passageway 60 is thus open at both ends in case of emergency and to aid ventilation. A balustrade 62 is provided at the side of the passageway 60 where the stairway 33 connects with the passageway 66. The two stairways 32 and 33 are placed side by side and the upper deck 6 is cutaway sufflciently to provide ample head room for the stairway 32. It is this cut-away portion which requires the balustrade 62 on the upper passageway 66. z 1

The compartments 6, lighted by windows 54, are arranged on each side of the passageway 60 and are provided with sliding doors as shown.- Instead of transversely positioned seats, these End section 2 has a central passageway I 6 witm compartments 8 are provided with a longitudinally 4 compartments l2 opening ofi to each side. Space is provided at the end of the car for air conditioning equipment l3 and a battery locker l4 which has doors 4! for access from outside the car. Space .over compartments I2 is utilized for air reservoirs 42 for powerbrake system and also for water pressure system and for air conditioning ducts which will be described below.- Each compartment I2 is provided with a seat 2|, a narrower seat'43, a toilet 22, a folding basin 23 and a shoe box 44 which is accessible from the passageway it through a door provided for that purpose.

A The transversely positioned seat 2! and its mate 43 face each other and may be converted into a bed. I In order to provide toilet and lavatory facilities, seat 43 is narrower than seat 2!. This arrangement permits the use of a kidney mattress", in which case the toilet 22 is accessible'without mattress interference when the bed is made up, or an ordinary mattress may be used,in which case the end of the mattress must be lifted for access to the toilet 22, The details of the seats-2B and 43 .are omitted for clarity because their con-.- struction and operation are well knownto the art. A mattress 45 is housed in a mattress locker 46 formed in the end wall of the compartment l2 opposite the toilet 22.

Each compartment 82 has a. sliding door as indicated in the drawings, which avoids obstruction of passageway l6 by opened doors. Passageway l6 leads down to lower deck 5 by-means-of stairwa 41- which is provided with hand rails 48, as argstairw'ays 32 and 33. Windows 49 all on the N and I2.

mattress of ordinary form. This mattress 45 is housed in a mattress locker 46 in an end wall of the compartment away from the toilet 22. These compartments '6 are also equipped with shoe boxes 44 accessible from without the compartment 8, toilets 22 and folding wash basins 23. A common waste pipe 50 serves two. adjacent compartments 8 and the toilets 22 and basins 23 are positioned ac'cordingly.- Branch waste pipes 52 serve to connect the two toilets 22 to the common waste pipe 56. The hot and cold water supply for each compartment comes from pipes 68 (see Fig. X) which are connected to main supply pipes in the conduit 10, the pipes 68 being positioned between the end walls of adjacent compartments 8. This conduit 16 also carries electrical wiring, brake, signal,-' water and steam pipes (comprehensively designated as 14) which are ordinarily run under a car. In this case, the well section interferes with brake transmission lines and it was necessary to find another way of taking care of these lines. The conduit l0 has a removable cover Ii making access to the conduit 10 from the outside an easy matter. This cover H is outwardly curved to provide interior space and conform to the contour of the'car. The inside tion 2 to supply compartments I2.

and horizontal surfaces 12 and I3 to keep the wires and pipes 14 firmly in place as originally arranged.

Of great practical importance in the success of a car of this type, is the ventilation and air conditioning. In the old upper and lower berth arrangement, the car was to a considerable extent open throughout and ventilation of the car as a whole was possible. In my invention, the small separate compartments must be positively ventilated and conditioned individually. This I have worked out practically by using main ducts for both cooled and heated air and separate distribution ducts for cooled and for the heated air. Each compartment therefore has a separate louvre for cooled and for heated air, the former being placed in the upper part of the compartment and the latter in the lower part. Thus the cooled air sinks down and the heated air rises, insuring good distribution throughout. The air conditioning unit 13 is placed in end section 2 at the end of the car. Ablower I8, heat ing unit I8 and cooling unit of any well-known type may he installed as in Fig. VIII.

In the air conditioning system a discharge duct 8| leads from the air conditioning unit I3 over the compartments I2 in end section 2, to the well section 4, where the discharge duct 8I branches into main ducts 83 and 88 running down each side of the well section I. Main duct 83 extends into end section I to supply compartments III, II and lavatory I9; main duct 84 extends into end sec- These main ducts 83 and 84 run along the upper side-of upper deck 8 in the well section 4 and where they are extended into end sections I and 2, these ducts 83 and 84 are positioned over the compartments in the end sections I and 2. The ducts 83 and 84 have a louvre 88 for each compartment 8 for the discharge of heated air. In the end sections I and 2, and in compartments 9 on the lower deck 5 ducts 83 and 84 discharge into the upper portions of the compartments through louvres 8'I in each compartment, louvres 81 being for the discharge of cooled air. For the sake of clarity the details of the louvres have been omitted in the drawings but they may be of any type which opens and closes. For the distribution of heated air into the compartments in end sections 'I and 2 and on lower deck 5 additional distribution ducts 88 are provided leading to the lower parts of those compartments, discharging through louvres 89. Similar distribution ducts 80 lead the air from main ducts 83 and 84 vto the upper part of "compartments 8 on upper deck 6 where cool means'may be conveniently adopted in the practice of my invention. The exhaust blower is desirably positioned above the ceiling in end section I and it functions to withdraw air from the passageways of the car and from the individual compartments. As indicated in Fig. VIII. p t of the air in the car is re-circulated returning through the passageways to the space beneath t e cooling unit 80.

- equal to the height of said bed.

e operation 01' this air conditioning system i causes heated air to be distributed at the bottom of all of the compartments of the car and cooled air to be distributed at the tops of the compart-.- ments. When heated air is being distributed, louvres 81 and 82 are all closed and the heated air is discharged from opened louvres 86 and 89. When cooled air is being distributed, louvres 86 and 89 are closed and louvres 81 and 92 are opened. In this way an efilcient distribution of the air conditioning is efiected and each individual compartment in the car is ventilated. Thus my invention provides a practical way of eliminating the upper and lower berth arrangement now in use in sleeping cars and makes all compartments of equal desirability, with the exception of one large compartment which is the most roomy in the car.

While I have described the above embodiment of my invention in some detail, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as hereinafter claimed.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. Ina double deck railway car, a compartment having a seat which has capacity for formation into a bed of varying width, and a toilet positioned at the narrower end of said bed, said toilet being of a height substantially equal to the height of said bed. g

2. In a double deck railway car, a compartment having oppositely disposed seats, one of said seats being narrower than the other, and a toilet positioned adjacent the narrower seat, said seats having capacity for arrangement into a bed hav-' ing a greater width at the end thereof away from the toilet, permitting unrestricted access to the toilet, said toilet being of a height substantially equal to the height of said bed.

3. In a double deck railway car, a compartment having a seat which has capacity for formation into a bed of varying width, a toilet positionedat the narrowerend of said bed, said toilet being of a height substantially equal to the height of said bed, and a mattress sub stantially fitting said bed housed in a locker within said compartment.

4. In a double deck railway car, a compartment having oppositely disposed seats, one of said seats being narrower than the other, a toilet positioned adjacent the narrower seat, said toilet being substantially of the same height as said seats, said seats having capacity for arrangement into a bed having a greater width at one end than at the other end, and.a mattress substantially fitting said bed, said mattress being housed in a locker when not in use.

"5. The invention of claim '2, characterized further by the fact that a mattress substantially fitting said bed is housed in a locker at the end of the compartment away from saidtoilet, and that the pipes and equipment associated with said toilet-are housed in a space behind the wall adjacent said toilet.

6. In adouble deck railway car, a compartment having a seat of a length proper for a bed, means for laterally extending a portion of said seat ,to provide a bed of greater width at one end, and a toilet positioned at the narrowerend of said bed, said toilet being of a height substantially of said seat to provide a bed of greater widthat one end, a toilet positioned at the narrower end of said bed, said toilet being of a height substantially equal to the height of' said bed, and a mattress substantially fitting said bed and housed in a locker when not in use.

8. In a compartment on the upper deck 0! a two deck railway car, a seat of a length proper for a bed, hinged means for laterally extending a portion of said seat to provide a bed of greater.

brake pipes, wiring and the like, said conduit having a removable outside cover and being accessible from the outside of said car.

9. The invention of claim 8 characterized by the further fact that said'conduit is formed by vertical and horizontal walls joined by said removable cover which is outwardly curved.

10. In a double deck railway car, a compartment, a seat in said compartment having capacity for formation into a bed, a toilet positioned at one end ofsaid compartment, said toilet being substantially of the same height as said seat, said bed being narrowed at the end near said toilet, and a folding basin over said toilet.

11. The invention oi! claim l0 characterized further by the fact that said basin is of the hinged type and discharges into thesame waste pipe with said toilet when the basin is folded up after use.

amass? 12. In a double deck railway car, a plurality oi upper and lower sleeping compartments hav- I waste pipe.

13.111 a double deck railway car, a plurality of upper and lower sleeping compartments arranged in two rows with an intervening passageway, said car extending downward between the trucks at each end thereof to provide a well section, a bed in each said sleeping compartment having a narrowed end, a toilet substantially of the same height as said bed and positioned adjacent said narrowed end, an upper deck extending the length of said well section, windows above and below said upper deck opening into said upper and lower compartments, said upper and lower compartments being of substantially equal height, a sliding door for each of said compartments and side entrance doors to said car at only one end thereof.

14; The invention of claim 13 characterized further by the fact that the roof 'of said car is rounded out and the usual clerestory eliminated and the lower portion of said well section is inclined inward in'accordanc with the clearance diagram for said car.

THOMAS W. DEMAREST. 

